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Indian Power Sector - the elephant in the room 

Excessive use of Diesel power

I read an article highlighting issues around coal allocation and the consequent problems faced by power producers who have invested in them. I would argue that the problem is just not limited to the issue of coal allocation and highlight three major factors.

The first one is the inflated outlay in the project costs of some projects which was fueled by the issue of allocation letters or LOI. These promoters had other objectives than building an asset and working it for returns over its life cycle of 30 plus years. Hence the focus on building quality, efficient plants at optimum costs and within a schedule was not the only factor. 

Second; the demand growth expected including the realization of the latent demand in the system is yet to happen in our country due to the perennial loss making performance of the distribution utilities.  These utilities can bankrupt a well functioning power plant in any given day by indiscriminately delaying the payment due to them. Even worse, is the load shedding which they resort to due to their inability to purchase power.

And the third and the elephant in the room is Diesel power. Diesel power usage is not monitored nor its costs analysed as it must be for an economy which is reliant so much on imported fuel. One can only guess the installed capacity under use and then may be extrapolate to arrive at the consumption. 

With 92 GW of diesel plant capacity (2015 number of 72 GW plus 5 GW per year) and most of it being used this diesel power is almost 25% of the installed capacity of the country. It is time that the electricity planners account this in more regular manner and work to eliminate or say minimise the usage. Call the king naked and go about clothing him. 

There is no reliable pan India statistic available on the hours clocked by these diesel plants or the energy generated. 

Diesel energy generation is highly polluting, inefficient and costly one at that. The reliability factor which is promised by these plants is the only attraction. To reduce the usage of these plant the distribution utility has to improve its performance and ensure reliable quality power. Usage of such terms as reliable and quality are shun when you buy power from a public utility in India. And imagine the situation when substantial part of industries and IT parks switch over completely to utility, the peak in the system will shoot up by 25% or more, calling for immediate running of most of the now idle plants.

Regulators are deliberately blind to this fact as the distribution utilities are not ready to correct themselves. It is time a clean up act is initiated to look at the issues that perpetuate encouragement of diesel power over public utility power and act on it. 

A long term solution to this problem is to start with total revision of tariff and create a true pass through facility of production costs of power to majority of consumers and eliminate the cross subsidies. Essential subsidy addressed to specific consumers must be done by DBT and not through tariff. This has to be followed up with bringing in fresh capital to revamp the infrastructure required for ensuring reliability.  I know all this is a tall order. But someone has to bite the bullet. Else the issue will linger on and more problems will add up.